The same year FAC initiated violent actions against Francoist Spain.
A major section of the movement went into exile, first to Andorra and the Catalan region of France, and later to Brussels.
In exile the organization oriented itself towards the left, adopted Marxism-Leninism as its ideology and proclaimed its objective to form a Communist Party of Catalonia.
The armed operations of FAC were then carried out by a 'Special Organisation' (Organització Especial).
Part of the organisation formed the Catalan Revolutionary Movement (MRC) in 1975, to mobilise popular and legal support to the struggle of FAC.