The origins of the current cathedral reaches back to 1312, when historical notes mention that a church existed in the medieval settlement of Dorogegyháza.

[2] Pope Pius X raised the church to the rank of a cathedral in 1912 when he erected the Diocese of Hajdúdorog with the papal bull Christifideles Graeci.

More than 80% of the inhabitants of Hajdúdorog are Greek Catholic[3] thus the cathedral is a central scene for the everyday life of the town, especially during major religious feast days.

The most visited events of the cathedral are the Christmas procession and the traditional Easter services when a local bread, the pászka is sanctified.

According to the diploma of Korpona, issued by prince Stephen Bocskay in 1605 and reassured by palatine György Thurzó in 1616, Dorog along with other towns in the region became the possession of the Hajduks.

[16] The lieutenant of Hajdúdorog, that time the leader of the town, named Lajos Farkas started a nationwide movement for the papal acknowledgement of the Hungarian language in Greek Catholic liturgy.

Due to the decisions of the synod Emperor Franz Joseph erected the Vicariate Forane of Hajdúdorog under the jurisdiction of the Eparchy of Munkács.

The Northern and Southern walls of the original church were opened with large arches, and two naves were attached to the baroque building on both sides.

The church lost its original baroque ornaments, it was replaced by eclectic elements, and the bell tower got larger windows.

The parish hired two painters, György Révész and Gyula Petrovics, and a gilder, Károly Müller to renovate and decorate the church interior.

He was the master of the seccos that can be seen in the sanctuary, and probably with the help of Petrovics, he painted the three frescos of the ceiling: Assumption, Destroying the idols and In the age of Saint Stephen.

Leo XIII granted a papal audience to the representatives of the Hungarian Greek Catholics and considered their case, but didn't erect the new diocese.

Under the guidance of Gábor Katona, carpenter from Hajdúnánás, the spire of the bell tower was removed and replaced according to the original plans.

A large, 1 m diameter globe was placed on the top of the Rococo roof structure to hold a Greek Catholic cross made of wrought iron.

Since the renovations were initiated by the Roman Catholic Church, the Cathedral of Hajdúdorog was restored in a Latin way, losing its Byzantine characteristics.

The original frescoes were painted over with low quality, neobaroque images; and all the furniture, including the iconostasis, were colored to oil green.

After the Second World War the National Office of Cultural Heritage declared the restoration low quality, and they suggested the removal of the 1937 paintings.

The painters coordinated with the priests and the bishop of the cathedral on the theological and iconographical program of the frescoes to replace the Latin rite images.

Szilárd Keresztes, bishop of Hajdúdorog started the overall renovation of the neglected cathedral in 1999 after getting financial support from the Hungarian government and the European Union.

Györgyi Károlyi and Csongor Bedő controlled the restoration of the iconostasis, the altars, the episcopal throne, the pulpit and other furniture.

On 30 June 2008, almost hundred years after the first bishop's consecration, the cathedral hosted Péter Fülöp Kocsis' installation to his episcopal office.

The shrine houses the holy icon of the Weeping Madonna, which was transferred to the Cathedral of Hajdúdorog for the time of the renovation works.

The plaque on the northern side of the tower commemorates the 1869 restoration and extension works: "Renovated by the community of Hajdu Dorogh to the glory of Our Lord in 1869".

The reason is that the Eye of Providence secco was painted to a wall surface high above the ground level of the altar, and it is parallel to the iconostasis, thus unseen from the sanctuary.

The seccos below the windows talk about stories from the Old Testament too, but instead of the upper sacrifice related murals, these are connected to divine prophecies.

The committee chose a baldachin leg ending in animal claws, based on the analogy studies on Jankovits' other works.

[36] The parish, with the support of the town, decided to hire the most notable iconostase-carver master in the country to express this favored rank.

Miklós Jankovits was hired by the Greek Catholic parish of Hajdúdorog in 1799 to carve the wooden framework, including the doors and the icon frames of the iconostasis.

Instead of the traditional Byzantine iconographic depiction, the painters used the deep, rich colors, the intense light and dark shadows, and the eventful and realistic portrayal of late Baroque painting.

Györgyi Károlyi and Csongor Bedő completed the latest renovation in 2002, restoring the original colors and compositions as far as they possibly could.