In 1986, she started her professional activity by becoming a product manager in the American insurance company CIGNA after which she became director of marketing and communication in France and for Europe.

In 1999, she left her job in the private sector to join the Regional Council of Champagne-Ardenne, where she held the position of Deputy Director General in charge of directions and operational services.

On June 25, 2008 Vautrin was designated by the members of the UMP group to become, as of October 2008, vice-president of the National Assembly, replacing Marc-Philippe Daubresse whose peers did not reelect him.

[6] On January 28, 2010, Vautrin was named president of French Commission for the Examination of Unfair Commercial Practices, replacing Jean-Paul Charié who had deceased.

At the UMP´s 2012 congress, Vautrin supported the motion Gaullism, a way forward for France, led by Michèle Alliot-Marie, Roger Karoutchi, Henri Guaino and Patrick Ollier.

In December 2012, following the resignation of Dominique Dord, she was appointed national treasurer of the UMP under the leadership of the party’s chair Jean-François Copé.

[10] Following the 2022 legislative elections, Vautrin was considered by national news media a contender to succeed Jean Castex as Prime Minister of France.

[13] As part of an inquiry into UMP fundraising efforts started in late 2014, Vautrin was formally placed under investigation in April 2015, on suspicion of illicit funding.