Little is known about the morphology of this subspecies, including its body size, as its extinction occurred in a time before the onset of many modern scientific approaches.

[2] It is thought that the Caucasian bison was generally smaller, had shorter and rounder hooves, had more developed shoulder girdles, had significantly thicker and larger horns, less shaggy coats, and curly hairs on the rear of its head.

[2][3][4] It was hunted by the Caspian tiger and the Asiatic lion, as well as by other predators such as steppe wolves and Syrian brown bears.

[7] In 1940, a group of wisent-American bison hybrids were released into the Caucasian Biosphere Reserve and later in 1959 in the Nalchik Forestry Game Management Unit (Kabardino-Balkariya).

Later some pure-blood wisent of the lowland-Caucasian breeding line were released there to form a single mixed herd together with the hybrids.