"A Causal Theory of Knowing" is a philosophical essay written by Alvin Goldman in 1967, published in The Journal of Philosophy.
The essay is regarded as an improvement and rebuttal of Edmund Gettier's "Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?
[2] Alvin Goldman, currently a professor of philosophy at Rutgers University, wrote "A Causal Theory of Knowing" when he was in his late twenties.
Goldman also states on multiple occasions that he does not wish to explain the causal process in detail, instead pointing out counterexamples.
[1] At numerous times in the essay, he also points out that he does not intend to give definitive answers to each of the propositions mentioned.
[4] Goldman also refocuses the idea of perception, or knowledge through sensation (specifically sight) using his own theory of knowing.