Editors in the 1960s included Frederic A. Birmingham (1962), Frank M. Robinson, Robert Shea (1966), and Alan R. LeMond (1967).

Authors in the 1950s included Jimmy Breslin, Henry Kuttner, Clyde Beatty ("Tigers on the Loose"), and Stanley P. Friedman.

During the 1960s, the magazine featured such writers as Nelson Algren, Isaac Asimov, Ray Bradbury, Robert Coover, Leonard Feather, Bruce Jay Friedman, Richard Gehman, Nat Hentoff, John Clellon Holmes, William Bradford Huie, Garson Kanin, Paul Krassner, John D. MacDonald, Alberto Moravia, Thomas Pynchon, Robert Shelton, Isaac Bashevis Singer, Theodore Sturgeon, William Tenn, and Colin Wilson.

Vaughn Bode's long-running comic-strip feature Deadbone/Deadbone Erotica/Erotica was published in Cavalier continuously (with the exception of April 1975) from May 1969 through August 1975.

From September 1975 onwards, reprints of previously published Deadbone strips appeared, as Bode had died in July 1975.