The celiac ganglion is part of the sympathetic prevertebral chain possessing a great variety of specific receptors and neurotransmitters such as catecholamines, neuropeptides, and nitric oxide and constitutes a modulation center in the pathway of the afferent and efferent fibers between the central nervous system and the ovary.

These ganglia contain neurons whose postganglionic axons innervate the distal esophagus, stomach, proximal duodenum, liver, gallbladder, spleen, kidney, and the small intestine.

Modifications in the adrenergic activity of the celiac ganglion results in an altered capacity of the ovary of pregnant rats to produce progesterone, suggesting that the celiac ganglion-superior ovarian nerve-ovarian axis provides a direct link between the autonomic nervous system and the physiology of pregnancy.

[1][2][3] Most of the fibers of the superior ovarian nerve come from the postganglionic sympathetic neurons of the celiac ganglion.

This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 985 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)