[4] It was established to commemorate the centenary of the Federation of Australia and to recognise "people who made a contribution to Australian society or government".

[5] It was also awarded to centenarians, Australian citizens born on or before 31 December 1901 who lived to celebrate the centenary of federation on 1 January 2001.

At the centre of the star is an Indigenous styling of Aboriginal traditions at the heart of the continent.

The reverse features a seven pointed star, with the words "For Contribution Made to Australian Society" around the rim.

[4] The colours in the ribbon are crimson, which represents federation, and blue and gold for the beginning of the 21st century.