Antônio Gonçalves de Oliveira, OFMCap, religious name Vital Maria from Pernambuco - (27 November 1844 – 4 July 1878) - was a Brazilian Capuchin who served as the Bishop of Olinda from 1871 until his death.

In 1871 the imperial government of Pedro II elected to choose him to fill the vacant Olinda episcopal see despite his great reluctance to become a bishop; Pope Pius IX confirmed the appointment a month later.

[1][3] The government tried to settle the matter and sent an imperial minister - who was a relative - to him to urge him not to meddle too much in the affairs of the lodges since the bishop had no power over them.

On 28 December 1872 he issued his first statement asking the priests to inform all Christian fraternities to expel those Masonic members who refused to abjure their affiliation to lodges.

[3][2] The bishop was arrested at his residence on 2 January 1874 the charge of violating the constitution; the police knocked on his door to see him emerge in his full episcopal attire with his miter and staff in hand.

The trial concluded not long after in which he was found guilty and sentenced to hard labor for four years though this was soon commuted to a four-year term of imprisonment.

The Masonic Prime Minister could no longer ignore the public backlash and so appealed to the emperor to do something; Pedro II received much pressure from all sides and so had no recourse but to grant amnesty on 17 September 1875.

The cause remained inactive for several decades and did not seem to move until 1994 when the competent forum for the beatification cause was transferred from Paris (where he died) to his old diocese.

He became titled as a Servant of God on 3 November 1994 under Pope John Paul II after the Congregation for the Causes of Saints issued the official "nihil obstat".