Arms commander of Higúey with the rank of colonel in the Six Years Government of Báez, he fought under the orders of Miches in defense of the presidency of Ulises Francisco Espaillat, rising to general.

Established in El Seibo, the Pine Revolution of 1877 allowed him to fight Marcos Antonio Cabral, but he had to accept a compromise and retired to his house on the condition that Miches was named governor of the province.

On February 24, 1878, Báez capitulated and Cesáreo Guillermo occupied the capital, where he presided over a provisional Government, even though Ignacio María González had gone ahead to establish another one in Santiago de Cuba.

However, eight months into his government, and after the arrival of Gregorio Luperón in the country, the blues rebelled and Cesáreo Guillermo had to face them, but Ulises Heureaux defeated him in the Widow's Chair and sought asylum in Puerto Rico.

Ulises Heureaux selected several experienced officers and a line troop and attacked Cesáreo Guillermo on the Cabao hill, but he managed to flee and crossed the border with Haiti.

He committed suicide on November 8, 1885 near the city of Azua de Compostela, while fleeing alone to evade the persecution of his political adversaries, led by the dictator Ulises Heureaux.