cgroups

cgroups (abbreviated from control groups) is a Linux kernel feature that limits, accounts for, and isolates the resource usage (CPU, memory, disk I/O, etc.

Cgroups was originally written by Paul Menage and Rohit Seth, and merged into the mainline Linux kernel in 2007.

Also available are mount, user, UTS (Unix Time Sharing), network and SysV IPC namespaces.

[33] The "ns" subsystem was added early in cgroups development to integrate namespaces and control groups.

[34] Kernfs was introduced into the Linux kernel with version 3.14 in March 2014, the main author being Tejun Heo.

Kernfs is basically created by splitting off some of the sysfs logic into an independent entity, thus easing for other kernel subsystems the implementation of their own virtual file system with handling for device connect and disconnect, dynamic creation and removal, and other attributes.

[37][38][39] The kmemcg controller can limit the amount of memory that the kernel can utilize to manage its own internal processes.