The total area was 44.81 km², making it the most populous of the six wards of Chiba city.

Chūō Ward is located in southwestern Chiba city, facing Tokyo Bay.

The fortified residence (Inohana Castle) of the Chiba clan was located in the area of present-day Chūō Ward during the Kamakura period.

Chūō Ward is the center for industry and commerce for Chiba City.

Municipal elementary and junior high schools are operated by the Chiba City Board of Education (千葉市教育委員会).