The Chairperson is responsible for the Commission's finances and administration, promoting its objectives, dealing with key stakeholders (member states, development partners, regional blocs etc.

[4] It had an equivalent role titled the Secretary General of the Organisation of African Unity, however the position had weaker powers and was largely ceremonial.

[5] Amara Essy, as Secretary General, was tasked with leading the OAU's transition into the AU, aiming for it to be more effective in addressing Africa's political, economic, and security challenges.

She also set up the African Standby Force for peacekeeping, however faced significant criticisms directed at her leadership style and her handling of conflicts in South Sudan, Central Africa, and Burundi.

He oversaw the establishment of the African Continental Free Trade Area and sought greater funding from member states to reduce overreliance on external donors.

Despite his pro-active leadership, under his tenure Africa experienced various coups and major conflicts, with critics characterising the AU's role as advisory, lacking the power to enforce its decisions.

[6] In February 2025, the Assembly elected Djibouti politician Mahamoud Ali Youssouf to Chairperson, who is set to take office in March.

The chairperson is responsible for the Commission's finances and administration, promoting its objectives, dealing with key stakeholders (member states, development partners, regional blocs etc.