His mother, Rajkumari Putammani Devi, was the eldest daughter of Maharaja Krishnaraja Wodeyar III.

Later, the Privy Council of the United Kingdom ordered the reversal of the Company's decision to annexe Mysore.

He facilitated the founding of Agricultural Banks to help finance farmers and initiated life insurance for government employees.

His wife, Maharani Kempa Nanjammani Vani Vilasa Sannidhana Avaru, served as regent of Mysore during the minority of their son.

Prominent among these are: Chamarajendra Wadiyar X was a great patron of arts and music; his court boasted of artists like Veene Subbanna, Veene Sheshanna, Mysore Vasudevachar, Veena Padmanabhaiah, Mysore Karigiri Rao, and Bidaram Krishnappa, among others.

In May 1878, Chamarajendra Wadiyar married Maharani Kempananjammanni Devi, daughter of an arasu (royalty) of Kalale, a prominent nobleman of Mysore state.