Chaplygin is a large lunar impact crater that lies on the far side of the Moon.

It is located to the southeast of the huge walled plain Mendeleev, about midway between the craters Schliemann to the northeast and Marconi to the southwest.

The rim is only mildly eroded, with few craters around the edge — the exception being Chaplygin K which is intruding into the inner wall along the southeast side.

Within the walls is an interior plain that is level and smooth in comparison to the rugged terrain that surrounds the exterior of the crater.

[4][5] By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Chaplygin.