Chaput v Romain [1955] SCR 834 was a legal case that was heard by the Supreme Court of Canada.

Esymier Chaput[1] was one of 30 Jehovah's Witnesses attending a meeting in his Chapeau, Quebec home on September 4, 1949.

Three police officers were observed outside, who asked to enter the premises after confirming that they were having a meeting, and arrested Chaput.

When one of the police officers was questioned, he stated that he had determined that it was illegal for Jehovah's Witnesses to hold meetings by reading the newspaper.

Their legal defence was that Jehovah's Witnesses were known to distribute "seditious libel", created "animosity and hate between different classes of society", and that Chaput did not follow the requirements under the Magistrate's Privilege Act.