It is notable for the original station building, a wooden chalet-type structure in the Italianate architectural style of Isambard Kingdom Brunel;[1][2] together with the early station nameboard this is a Grade II listed building restored in 1979.

[3] Sir Peter Parker (1924–2002), the former chairman of the British Railways Board, was a regular user of the station.

[4] With the completion of the first stage of the redoubling of the Cotswold Line from Ascott-under-Wychwood to a point east of Charlbury, the second platform, decommissioned in 1971, was reinstated and returned to service on 6 June 2011.

[5] Charlbury and Kingham are two of the stations on the Cotswold Line that had their platforms lengthened to accommodate longer GWR Class 802 units, which are nine carriages long — one carriage longer than the longest trains that previously used the station.

This has been achieved by installing a long set of ramps from the lower car park to both platforms.