Charles Defrémery (8 December 1822 – 18 August 1883) was a 19th-century French orientalist, specialist in Arabic and Persian history and literature.

He held the chair of Arabic language and literature at the École des langues orientales and was a member of the Société Asiatique of Paris.

On 2 December 1860, he was appointed corresponding member of the St Petersburg Academy of Sciences for the Oriental literary department.

He was elected a member of the Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres in 1869.

From 1871, he held the chair of Arabic at the Collège de France.