Charles H. O'Neill (May 1800 – November 8, 1897) was an Irish-American politician and a Democrat who served as Mayor of Jersey City, New Jersey, from May 4, 1868 until April 10, 1869, when he resigned, and again from May 2, 1870 until May 3, 1874.

O'Neill was born in Paterson, New Jersey, working as a shoemaker, in the timber, coal and building material trades and serving as alderman before moving to Jersey City to set up business there.

William Clarke was appointed to fill his unexpired term.

After his second term, he was succeeded by Democrat Henry Traphagen.

O'Neill died of cirrhosis of the liver in his home in Jersey City on November 8, 1897.