Charles Maitland (c. 1668–1748) was a Scottish surgeon who inoculated people against smallpox.
In March 1718, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu had Maitland, who was then serving in the British embassy in Constantinople, Turkey, inoculate her five-year-old son Edward.
[1] They returned to London in April 1721, when Montagu requested that her daughter Mary, who was four, be inoculated.
[6] In late 1722, Caroline of Ansbach ordered the inoculation of five orphans of St. James's Parish in London.
Following their success, Caroline had Maitland inoculate her eldest son, Frederick and one other child.