Charles Vane (c. 1680 – 29 March 1721) was an English pirate who operated in the Bahamas during the end of the Golden Age of Piracy.

In 1718, Vane was captured but agreed to stop his criminal actions and declared his intention to accept a King's Pardon; however, just months later he and his men, including Edward England and Jack Rackham, returned to piracy.

Unlike some other notable pirate captains of the age like Benjamin Hornigold and Samuel Bellamy, Vane was known for his cruelty, and in court documents is said to have beaten and interrogated sailors from ships he captured.

Upon being discovered by a passing British ship, he was arrested and brought to Port Royal where he was eventually tried and hanged in March 1721.

[3] On 23 February 1718, Captain Vincent Pearse arrived at Nassau in HMS Phoenix, in an attempt to get the pirates on the island to surrender.

Benjamin Hornigold, Thomas Nichols, and others urged Pearse to release Vane as a show of good faith, which he did.

[5] But on 21 March, Vane and his men (including Edward England and Calico Jack Rackham) turned pirate again, capturing a Jamaican sloop.

[6] Vane sailed back to Nassau and harassed Pearse repeatedly, trading their sloop for the Lark.

Vane commandeered a small 24-gun sloop, the Katherine, and escaped out the smaller entrance as Rogers' ships returned.

Rhett failed to find Vane, but his ships located and captured the pirate Stede Bonnet.

[12] In August, Vane careened his ship near Abaco, where his accomplice Nicholas Woodall smuggled him supplies and ammunition.

[22] Vane appears as a side character and minor antagonist in the 2013 video game Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag,[23] in which he was voiced by Ralph Ineson.

[25] Tom Padley plays Vane in six episodes of the 2021 Netflix docuseries The Lost Pirate Kingdom.