[1] Charouine lies at an elevation of 285 metres (935 ft) near an oasis, part of the Gourara region of northern Adrar Province.

Groves of trees are found around the main town; to the north-west the terrain is dominated by rocky areas and sand dunes, while to the south-east near the village of Taguelzi the terrain falls away dramatically, featuring cliffs up to 50 metres (160 ft) high.

Charouine has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh), with extremely hot summers and mild winters, and very little precipitation throughout the year.

The N6 national highway then leads north to Béchar and south to Adrar, while the N1 leads north to Ghardaïa and south to Tamanrasset.

The town of Timimoun is located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) to the east, also on the N51, while the provincial capital Adrar is about 150 kilometres (93 mi) to the south by road.