[2] The Convention establishes rules of airspace, aircraft registration and safety, security, and sustainability, and details the rights of the signatories in relation to air travel.

In October of the same year, ICAO became a specialized agency of the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC).

Article 3 bis: Every other state must refrain from resorting to the use of weapons against civil aircraft in flight.

Fuel, lubricating oils, spare parts, regular equipment and aircraft stores on board an aircraft of a contracting State, on arrival in the territory of another contracting State and retained on board on leaving the territory of that State shall be exempt from customs duty, inspection fees or similar national or local duties and charges.

The radios may only be used by members of the flight crew suitably licensed by the state in which the aircraft is registered.

The annexes are amended regularly by ICAO and are as follows: Annex 5, Units of Measurement to be Used in Air and Ground Operations, named in its Table 3-3 three "non-SI alternative units permitted for temporary use with the SI": the foot (for vertical distance = altitude), the knot (for speed), and the nautical mile (for long distance).

[6]: 16  Although the ICAO has produced various policy documents suggesting that no taxes of any kind should be placed on aviation fuel,[note 1] none of these are legally binding, and they are not found in the Chicago Convention itself.