The laws and policies comply with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, which New Zealand ratified on 6 April 1993.
On reaching this "age of majority" the person is no longer a child in the eyes of the law, and has all the rights and obligations of an adult.
In the early 19th century, minors living in New Zealand were not given special rights in law, as they were not distinguished from adults.
This position changed later in the century as minors were seen as a vulnerable group in need of protection; the concept of children's rights did not arise until later.
Towards the end of the century New Zealand began to follow the international movement towards enhancing and protecting the lives of children.
[24] Second, minors have special human rights that serve to protect them as they have needs and concerns that are distinct to their age group.
[35] The laws covering minors in New Zealand courts are reflective of the balancing act between considering child protection and advocating children as autonomous agents.
On the one hand, recent legislation has meant that in cases over disputes of day-to-day care or parental relocation, a child's welfare and best interests are regarded as needing protection.
[37] The Care of Children Act 2004 is the most recent piece of legislation covering the rights of minors in New Zealand.