The People's Republic of China competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States.

After 1952 and until these games, the PRC boycotted the Olympics due to the Taiwan's presence as the Republic of China.

Due to the then ongoing Sino-Soviet split, China did not participate in the Soviet-led boycott.

In the previous games, China participated the United States-led boycott to protest the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979.

The women's team was more successful than the men's, earning a silver medal and an additional top eight finish.