In the early 14th century, it was acquired by Mikuláš of Potštejn, who founded a castle here.

In 1339, the army of Charles IV conquered Choceň, demolished the castle and killed Mikuláš.

Several architectionally valuable Baroque buildings were built here, including the new Church of Saint Francis of Assisi, the rectory and the belfry.

[4] The largest industrial employed based in the town is Autoneum CZ, a manufacturer of automotive parts.

Choceň is also the terminus of the lines from Náchod, Vysoké Mýto and Litomyšl.

It was originally a Renaissance building, rebuilt in the Baroeu style in 1710–1720, and then in its current Neoclassical form in 1829 after it was damaged by a fire.