As is clear from the name, the Choctaw Horse is strongly associated with the indigenous Choctaw people of America, who originally bred it in their traditional homeland in the area of modern-day Alabama and Mississippi, and continued to do so after their forced removal to the Indian Territory – modern Oklahoma – in the 1830s.

It was originally bred by the indigenous Choctaw people of America in their traditional homeland in the area of modern-day Alabama and Mississippi.

[10][11] Coat color is highly variable; colors include the usual bay, black, brown, chestnut and sorrel, and also buckskin, dun, and palomino as well as leopard blanket, spotted and varnish roan patterns, pinto patterns, and sabino.

[15][16] In 2009, Monique Sheaffer, a Choctaw, began an effort with her family to breed the horses with the goal to preserve their genes and to educate the public.

[5] As of 2018, a farm in Poplarville, Mississippi, has been selectively breeding the Choctaw Horses for thirteen years.

[12] For breeders, Choctaw Horses with little genetic influence from other North American breeds can be correctly differentiated, translating to effective conservation efforts for the strain.