After several upheavals and changes of ownership, Chomutov was taken by Popel of Lobkowitz in 1588, who established Jesuit rule, leading to trouble between the Protestant citizens and the town's new overlord.

[6] In 1594 the feudal lordship fell to the crown, and in 1605 the town purchased its freedom and was made a royal city.

[8] A week later, Chomutov and its surrounding districts were annexed by Nazi Germany as a result of the 1938 Munich Agreement and administered as part of the Reichsgau Sudetenland.

Following the Velvet Revolution of 1989, the heavy industry significantly decreased its activity, but the environment in and around the town has been visibly improved.

The largest employer with headquarters in Chomutov is Severočeské doly, a lignite mining company with more than 2,500 employees.

[13] The D7 motorway from Prague to the Czech-german border in Hora Svatého Šebestiána runs through the western part of Chomutov.

The city has two sport areas: Zadní Vinohrady, where the water park, football and athletics stadium are located,[17] and Domovinka in the area of the former motorcycle speedway stadium, with two multifunctional courts for tennis, basketball and volleyball and artificially constructed hills for sledding and bobsledding.

The 1. máje Square with its Baroque Column of the Holy Trinity by Ambrož Laurentis from 1697 is banked by seven statues of saints built between 1725 and 1732.

The city hall is situated next to the Church of St. Catherine built in early Gothic style and finished in 1281.

On the opposite side there is the Church of Assumption of the Virgin Mary, built in late Gothic style between 1518 and 1542.

[20] At the end of the south side there is the Baroque Church of Saint Ignatius with two towers on the north frontage.

[19] There is the Jesuit college south of the Church of St. Ignatius from the 16th and 17th century, which nowadays houses the city museum.