Chowilla Regional Reserve is protected area in the Australian state of South Australia located in the gazetted locality of Chowilla about 250 kilometres (160 miles) north-east of the state capital of Adelaide.

The dominant land uses of the reserve are pastoral production, conservation of natural and historic features and tourism/recreation.

"[5] The reserve is also classified as a Category VI protected area by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

The lake's geographical location on the eastern end of the floodplain as well as its low-lying altitude meant that in the past, it was first to be filed during flood events.

By June, much wildlife was observed in and around the lake, including wetland birds such as ducks, and also shield shrimp, a tiny crustacean adapted to living in desert areas and was able to cope with periodic drying of muddy lakes.