Christian Ernest, Count of Stolberg-Wernigerode, (2 April 1691, Gedern – 25 October 1771, Wernigerode) was a German politician and a member of the House of Stolberg.

After his father's death in 1710, Christian Ernest entered into his inheritance under the regency of his mother and called himself from then on Graf zu Stolberg-Wernigerode.

On 21 May 1738, he issued a primogeniture edict which limited the rights of inheritance to male descendants and disallowed future divisions of the County of Wernigerode.

From 1735 to 1745 he served his cousin on his mother's side, King Christian VI of Denmark, as privy councillor (Geheimrat).

They had one son: Henry Ernest of Stolberg-Wernigerode (1716–1778), married firstly Countess Marie Elizabeth II of Promnitz with issue.