Chrysothrix xanthina is a widely distributed species of leprose lichen in the family Arthoniaceae.

It was first scientifically described by Finnish lichenologist Edvard August Vainio in 1901 as Lepraria xanthina.

[4] Jack Laundon did not agree with the decision to promote this to a distinct species, noting "the absence of significant morphological characters, although small differences in soredial size were alleged".

(1823) should have priority, "if the species is split on chemical grounds, a procedure, however, of doubtful merit".

[5] Kalb originally considered Chrysothrix xanthina to be a tropical/subtropical species,[3] although it is now known to have a wider range.