The longest leaves at the base of the plant are up to about 25 centimeters (10 inches) long.

[5] The inflorescence consists of several flower heads, each lined with hard, toothed phyllaries tipped with spines.

[5] Among the Zuni people, an infusion of the plant taken by both partners as a contraceptive.

[6] An infusion of whole plant is also taken as a diaphoretic, diuretic, and emetic to treat syphilis.

[7][6] An infusion of the fresh or dried root is taken three times a day for diabetes.