Città di Castello (Italian pronunciation: [tʃitˈta ddi kasˈtɛllo]);[2] "Castle Town") is a city and comune in the province of Perugia, in the northern part of Umbria.

Beginning in the third century BC it became a civitates federata of Rome and was subsequently inserted into the Sexta Regio of Roman Italy.

The town was subsequently rebuilt by its bishop Floridus around a castle and renamed first Castrum Felicitatis by Lombards and later Civitas Castelli.

In the Middle Ages, the Diocese of Città di Castello included also many territories that are today in the provinces of Arezzo, Forlì-Cesena, Pesaro and Rimini.

In 1474 Sixtus IV sent his nephew Cardinal Giuliano della Rovere, later Pope Julius II, to rule the town.

After fruitless negotiations, he laid siege to the city, but Vitelli did not surrender until he knew that the command of the army had been given to Duke Federico III da Montefeltro.

Cesare Borgia through a conspiracy in Senigallia ordered Vitellozzo Vitelli, who had inherited the city to be strangled on the evening of 31 December 1502 and Città di Castello were added to the Papal possessions.

Towards the end of the twentieth century, the city has seen a considerable expansion northwards toward San Giustino, with industrial parks tracking the river, railroad and main highway.

The town is located in northern Umbria, near the borders with Tuscany and Marche, and the Tiber river flows along its western side.

In addition, the following are believed to have had a local connection, usually through long residence there: Majano, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy, is the only official twin comune.