Base of the Flounder's River), officially the City and Borough of Juneau, is the capital of the U.S. state of Alaska, located along the Gastineau Channel and the Alaskan panhandle.

Base of the Flounder's River, and Auke Bay just north of Juneau proper is called Áak'w transl.

The Taku River, just south of Juneau, was named after the cold t'aakh wind, which occasionally blows down from the mountains.

[citation needed] The Gastineau Channel was a fishing place for the Auke (A'akw Kwáan) and Taku tribes, who had inhabited the surrounding area for thousands of years.

They continue to gather clams, gumboot chitons, grass, and sea urchins, as well as tree bark for medicinal uses.

[11] The city and state supported the Sealaska Heritage Institute in documenting the 78 acres (32 ha) site, and in August 2016, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Native cultures have rich artistic traditions expressed in carving, weaving, singing, dancing, and in oral lore.

Samuel Young, in his book Alaska Days with John Muir, Juneau and Harris decided to explore their party's campsite at the creek head in the summer of 1879.

By 1906, after the decline of whaling and the fur trade, Sitka which was the original capital of Alaska, had become less important and the territorial legislature moved the seat of government to Juneau in accordance with a 1900 federal law.

Some supporters of a move wanted a new capital to be at least 30 miles (48 km) from Anchorage and Fairbanks, to prevent either city from having undue influence.

In the 1970s, voters passed a plan to move the capital to Willow, a town 70 miles (110 km) north of Anchorage.

[18] After construction of the Alaska Pipeline in 1977, the state budget was flush with oil revenues, and it expanded programs for the people.

The city's climate is heavily influenced by the proximity of the Pacific Ocean, specifically the warm Alaska Current, and the Coast Mountains that form a natural orographic barrier for incoming air.

Particularly in winter, the Aleutian Low draws warm and moist air from the south, bringing ample snow- or rainfall, and even in summer, winds will tend to blow onshore.

Winters are mild by Alaskan standards, with the average temperature of January slightly below freezing and highs often above 32 °F (0.0 °C); summers are rather cool but occasionally may get warm.

[47] The fishing industry is a major part of the Juneau economy, while not as strong as when a halibut schooner fleet generated considerable profits.

[citation needed] Real estate agencies, federally funded highway construction, and mining are still viable non-government local industries.

In April 2008, an avalanche destroyed three transmission towers, forcing AEL&P to supply almost all of the borough's electricity from diesel-powered generators for one month.

[53] In 1974, at a time when Alaska was expected to be flushed with new funds from the Trans-Alaska Pipeline, 56% Alaskan voters approved an initiative to move the capital.

The mayor is the titular head of the city, the presiding officer (or chair) of the Juneau Assembly (council), and is one of three members of the body which is elected at-large, or areawide.

Mainly the difference is that the 32nd District includes communities outside the CBJ: Gustavus, Kupreanof, Petersburg, Skagway and Tenakee Springs.

The University of Alaska Fairbanks has a satellite campus in Juneau for mainly graduate level students in marine studies.

The ferries connect Juneau with 13 other cities in Southeast Alaska and other destinations north via Whittier, as well as with the continental road system in Bellingham, Washington and Prince Rupert, British Columbia.

On the northern route the ferries dock in Haines and Skagway connecting to the Alaska Highway via Whitehorse, Yukon.

[70] Avalanche hazards, steep slopes, cold weather and environmental protection concerns are factors that make road construction and maintenance both difficult and costly.

A route to the east would fail due to an icefield the size of Rhode Island separating Juneau from Atlin, British Columbia.

[71] Juneau is one of only four state capitals not served by an Interstate highway (the others being Dover, Delaware; Jefferson City, Missouri; and Pierre, South Dakota).

In the past there have been plans to connect Juneau to Haines and Skagway by road since before 1972, with funding for the first feasibility study acquired in 1987.

A 51-mile (82 km) road would be built on the east side of Lynn Canal to a new ferry terminal at the Katzehin River estuary.

AP (the Associated Press), Anchorage news outlets, and other Alaska media entities, send reporters to Juneau during the annual Legislative session.