Civil and political rights

These rights also must follow the legal norm as in they must have the force of law and fit into the system of administrative justice.

It was one of the influences drawn on by George Mason and James Madison when drafting the Virginia Declaration of Rights in 1776.

In early 19th century Britain, the phrase "civil rights" most commonly referred to the issue of such legal discrimination against Catholics.

Outrage has also been a massive result of incidents caught on tape of police abusing and in some cases causing the deaths of people from minority groups such as African Americans.

That is why to address the issue has been accountability to police engaging in such conduct as a way to deter other officers from committing similar actions.

[12] That is why it is important for countries to protect the political rights of all citizens including minority groups.

[13] According to political scientist Salvador Santino F. Regilme Jr., analyzing the causes of and lack of protection from human rights abuses in the Global South should be focusing on the interactions of domestic and international factors—an important perspective that has usually been systematically neglected in the social science literature.

[15] Some thinkers have argued that the concepts of self-ownership and cognitive liberty affirm rights to choose the food one eats,[16][17] the medicine one takes,[18][19][20] and the habit one indulges.

Civil rights movements in the United States gathered steam by 1848 with such documents as the Declaration of Sentiment.

[25][full citation needed] Worldwide, several political movements for equality before the law occurred between approximately 1950 and 1980.

Other influential authors in the area include Wesley Newcomb Hohfeld, and Jean Edward Smith.

They are fundamentally civil and political in nature, as well as strongly individualistic: They serve negatively to protect the individual from excesses of the state.

There are current organizations that exist to protect people's civil and political rights in case they are infringed upon.

The ACLU, founded in 1920, is a well-known non-profit organization that helps to preserve freedom of speech and works to change policy.

These organizations serve a variety of causes, one being the AFL–CIO, which is America's union that represent the working-class people nationwide.