Clearcreek Township was organized in 1817, and named after its principal stream, Clear Creek.

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.

Most of the township is in the Springboro Community City School District, but a large portion in the south central section is in the Lebanon City School District.

The Springboro, Lebanon, Centerville and Waynesville post offices serve the township and it lies in the Franklin, Lebanon, Waynesville, Miamisburg, and Centerville telephone exchanges.

A small portion of the City of Dayton's Wright Brothers Airport is in Clearcreek Township.