Clibanarius fonticola is a species of hermit crab from Vanuatu.

It lives exclusively in fresh water, the only hermit crab in the world to do so.

While a number of other hermit crabs are terrestrial or live in estuarine habitats, and certain brackish water species can tolerate low salinity levels for a time, no other hermit crab spends its entire life in fresh water; the only other fully freshwater anomurans are the South American aeglids.

[2][3] Clibanarius fonticola lives on the island of Espiritu Santo, in a pool fed by springs near the village of Matevulu, close to an abandoned airstrip.

Adults of this species all use shells of Clithon corona.