Client state

Classical Athens, for example, forced weaker states into the Delian League and in some cases imposed democratic governments on them.

[citation needed] The number of tributary or vassal states varied over time but most notable were the Khanate of Crimea, Wallachia, Moldavia, Transylvania, the Sharifate of Mecca, and the Sultanate of Aceh.

[citation needed] Austria-Hungary tried to make Serbia a client state in order to form a Christian opposition to the Ottoman Empire, but after the 1903 May Coup, Serbia came under the influence of Russia, which was forming a pan-Eastern Orthodox opposition to the Latin Christianity represented by the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

At the time, Great Britain and Austria-Hungary both considered Serbia as a client state controlled by Russia.

But in both cases, the economic and military reality did not amount to full independence, but a status where the local rulers were British clients.

Other instances include Africa (e.g. Northern Nigeria under Lord Lugard), and the Unfederated Malay States; the policy of indirect rule.

[17][18][19] In the late 19th century, the Empire of Japan gradually reduced Joseon Korea's status to that of a client state.

Vassal and tributary states of the Ottoman Empire in 1590
The First French Empire and its satellite states in 1812
Map of British territories in the Indian subcontinent in 1909 with princely states in yellow
The leaders of some of the SEATO nations hosted by Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos on 24 October 1966