Corker received a Bachelor of Business Administration from James Madison University and a Juris Doctor from William & Mary Law School.

President Trump nominated Corker to the seat vacated by Judge J. Ronnie Greer, who took senior status on June 30, 2018.

[3] On January 3, 2019, his nomination was returned to the President under Rule XXXI, Paragraph 6 of the United States Senate.

[9] On June 19, 2023, Corker ruled (in the case of Ultima Services Corp. v. US Department of Agriculture) that the Small Business Administration's 8(a) program, which is meant to award contracts to socially and economically disadvantaged people's businesses, violated the US Constitution's guarantee of equal protection by its presumption that any members of certain racial groups are thereby disadvantaged.

[10][11] On February 23, 2024, Corker issued a preliminary injunction prohibiting the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) from enforcing rules to the extent those rules "prohibit student-athletes from negotiating compensation for [name, image, or likeness ('NIL')] with any third-party entity," including boosters and booster-led collectives.