The Coastal railway line (Hebrew: מסילת החוף, romanized: mesilat ha-ḥof) is a mainline railway in Israel, which begins just south of the Lebanon-Israel border on the Mediterranean coast, near the town of Nahariya in Northern Israel and stretches almost the entire Mediterranean coast of the country, to just north of the border with the Gaza Strip in the south.

Following the 1948 Arab–Israeli War the tunnel linking the line to Lebanon was blocked; it was subsequently stripped of its track, backfilled in its Lebanese side, and now forms a part of Rosh HaNikra national park where it hosts an audiovisual theater.

This new section of coastal railway from Remez junction linked the Tel Aviv Central Station and Haifa Central Railway Station and significantly shortened the travel time between the two cities as well as providing rail service to the cities of Herzliya and Netanya.

Little development of the line followed for the next forty years until 1988 when works started on extending the railway southwards from Tel Aviv Central along the Ayalon Highway.

Work on electrifying the Ayalon section between HaHagana and Herzliya, the busiest railway section in Israel and the first part of the Coastal Railway to be electrified started at HaHagana station in the fall of 2019 and reached Herzliya station in September 2020.

Because the line is Israel's most congested, there are long-term plans to extend the four-track section from Hertzliya to Haifa in stages.

[3] Space will also be reserved within the boundaries of the plan to accommodate an additional suburban set of rails on the route.

This severely restricts the ability of Israel Railways to expand service to different parts of the country and constitutes a critical bottleneck in the entire national rail network.

Since the platform will reduce the capacity of the channel to carry water, the project also includes large-scale drainage works to divert excess rainwater into specially-constructed reservoirs, including one on the grounds of Ariel Sharon Park, and a temporary reservoir on the grounds of the Mikveh Israel agricultural school southeast of Tel Aviv to be used until an underground pipeline can be constructed to divert the outlet of the Ayalon River from northern to southern Tel Aviv.

[4] As of 2021, a large-scale project is underway to revive the long-defunct Eastern line between Pardes Hanna and Kfar Sava to act as a backup railroad to the coastal railway south of Remez junction, while at other times to serve mainly freight trains with some limited passenger service.