Coffee filter
Filters made of paper (disposable), cloth (reusable), or plastic, metal or porcelain (permanent) are used.
Paper filters remove oily components called diterpenes (like cafestol and kahweol).
[2][nb 1] These organic compounds, present in unfiltered coffee, have anti-inflammatory properties.
In 1782, Johann Georg Krünitz described a then-new method to extract coffee utilizing blotting paper in a (tinned) metal filter cone shape like.
[13]: 139 In 1785, a silver filter was manufactured by Johann Christopher Hellmers, suggesting that porcelain versions existed even earlier.
[16]: 63–64 Hamburg filters made out of (enameled) metal or porcelain were still very common in the early 1900s in Germany.
[18][19] She patented her invention and formed a company, Melitta, to sell the coffee filters (in a format and size later named "1"[nb 3]), hiring her husband and two sons to assist her as the first employees.
[21] In 1931, Paul Ciupka proposed conical paper coffee filters,[23]: 214 [13]: 141 which reportedly led to the construction of another coffee filter named "Brasil Kaffeefilter" at the Göttinger Aluminiumwerke [de] (now Alcan) in 1932.
[13]: 141–142 [26] These quick filter holders were manufactured of porcelain or metal, available in sizes named "100", "101", "102", and "103".
The Hario "vector 60" V60 is a cone-shaped brewer (with 60° angle), with ribs along the wall (to prevent the paper sticking and allowing air through) and a single large hole (to allow water to pass through unrestricted).
The Aeropress and Ceado Hoop use round paper filter disks with a diameter of c. 63 mm.
The German Tricolate coffee dripper uses round paper filter disks with a diameter of 88 mm.
A half-moon shaped filter paper (bleached: FP-2, unbleached: FP-2N) is used for the 3-cup holders (CM-1, CM-1C, CM-1GH) and the Funnex (CM-FNX), which must be folded before use.
Other important coffee filter paper parameters are strength, compatibility, efficiency and capacity.
Capacity is the ability to "hold" previously removed particles while allowing further flow.
A balance between particle capture and flow requirements must be met while ensuring integrity.
[69] An example of a cloth filter is the bolsita in Costa Rican chorreador coffee makers.
[nb 1] Filter holders are made out of plastic (including Makrolon/Exolon, Tritan, Ecozen), metal (stainless steel, copper, aluminium, emaille), ceramics, porcelain or glass, or, rarely, wood.
