[1] Plantation and production of coffee contributed largely to the economy of Angola's northwestern area, including the Uíge Province.
[3] The most common crop grown on approximately 2,000 Angolan plantations, owned mostly by the Portuguese, was robusta coffee.
However, the civil war that followed the Portuguese rule devastated a large number of coffee plantations.
Rehabilitation of the plantations has been ongoing since 2000, but the investment required to replace the 40-year-old unproductive plants are estimated to be US$230 million.
[4] The Angola National Institute of Coffee (INCA) has three research stations, mainly responsible for producing and distributing robusta seedlings, in Gabela, Kwanza Sul, and Uige; however, due to wartime damage, only one of them is functional.