Colette Besson (7 April 1946 – 9 August 2005) was a French athlete, the surprise winner of the 400 m at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City.

With an amazing last sprint, Besson then moved up from fifth place to beat Board on the finish line by a tenth of a second.

In the 400 m final, she crossed the line almost level with her teammate Nicole Duclos, both in the world record time of 51.7.

In the 4 × 400 m relay final, Besson, who was anchoring the French team, passed the finish line at the same moment as Lillian Board.

She qualified for the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, but was eliminated in the preliminaries, although she took fourth place in the relay.