As a Senator of the College of Justice he presided over the 2004 prosecution of gas transporter Transco and published the Carloway Review.

He took the judicial title, Lord Carloway, and was promoted to the Inner House of the Court of Session and appointed to the Privy Council in 2008.

[3][4] Lord Carloway presided over the 2004 prosecution of gas transporter Transco under health and safety legislation for an explosion in Larkhall in December 1999 which killed a family of four, fining the company a record £15m.

After 2008 he was almost exclusively involved in appellate work as a member of the Second Division, one of the two appeal court chambers in Scotland, chaired by the Lord Justice Clerk.

[9] In October 2010, Lord Carloway was asked by the then Justice Secretary Kenny MacAskill to undertake a review of the Scottish criminal law following the decision by the UK Supreme Court in the case of Cadder v HM Advocate.

[10] The Report did not immediately lead to the recommended abolition of the requirement for corroboration owing to considerable judicial opposition.