Colletes succinctus

[4] Colletes succinctus is found on heathland and moorland in Britain[1] and also in Europe where there are also some populations which occur among maritime dunes and on beaches.

[1] In the early part of the fight period the males swarm around the aggregation and try to mate with emerging females.

[5] Once the females have mated they start to dig their short burrows and create cells with walls made of a thin and transparent material which resembles cellophane in appearance and which is formed from a secretion produced in the Dufour's gland located in the bee's abdomen.

[4] The main food plants are heathers, especially ling Calluna vulgaris and the females have been recorded travelling up to 1.5 km from the nest to collect pollen to provision the cells.

[2][4] They may also be parasitized by the sarcophagid fly Miltogramma punctata while adults have been recorded as being predated by the crabronid wasp Cerceris rybyensis.

It is further postulated that the new species were probably expanding their ranges to exploit new populations of their foodplants and this can still be seen in the colonisation of southern Britain by C. hederae in the 1990s[4] and its expansion in Bavaria.