The building is set in a residential neighborhood and surrounded by native loblolly pine and oak trees.

The grounds are landscaped with the area's natural flora including myrtle, holly, mums, and dogwood trees.

The temple has the traditional lone spire topped by a gold-plated angel Moroni.

A groundbreaking ceremony for the Columbia South Carolina Temple was held on December 5, 1998.

The temple was dedicated on October 15–16, 1999 by LDS Church president Gordon B. Hinckley.