The common eagle ray or bullray (Myliobatis aquila) is a species of fish in the family Myliobatidae.
[7] The mid dorsal groove, which contains the glandular tissue necessary for venom injection, extends along 10–40% the tail.
[11] Benthic invertebrates form an important part of the common eagle ray's diet.
Other items in its diet include polychaete worms, gastropod molluscs, sea pens and small fish.
[6] Instead of having pointed teeth, it has flattened hexagonal bars and plates arranged in a mosaic pattern on its jaws; with these, it crushes the shells of its prey.
Adult females captured in January and March off the coast of France were found to have developing oocytes in both ovaries.
Females caught in August and September in the same region had between eight and ten yolky oocytes of a similar size and mass.
Fertilised eggs surrounded by a diaphanous and a yellowish capsule that tapered to a small filament at either end were found in a female captured in October.
The testes are well developed with visible external spermatocysts, a twisted genital duct and sperm in the seminal vesicles.
This specimen was classified as an abnormal hermaphrodite - one which is unable to perform as a functioning male or female as the reproductive organs were underdeveloped.
[21][22] While it does contain venom, this species is not considered to pose a risk to humans as stings typically don't have any strong effects.
[24] A study in the Adriatic Sea showed that, on average, the fisheries in the region catch one common eagle ray every 20 hauls.
The common eagle ray was found to have lower mercury concentrations (0.67-1.01 mg/kg) than Chimaera monstrosa or Torpedo nobiliana.
[1] The taxonomic position of this fish is unclear as populations in the Mediterranean Sea may be a different species from those in the southeastern Atlantic.
[24] Along the coast of West Africa it is also the subject of artisanal fishing activities but these are less intensive and populations may be steady.