Communication studies

[2][3] Communication studies is a social science that uses various methods of empirical investigation and critical analysis to develop a body of knowledge that encompasses a range of topics, from face-to-face conversation at a level of individual agency and interaction to social and cultural communication systems at a macro level.

The linguistic and cultural turns of the mid-20th century led to increasingly interpretative, hermeneutic, and philosophic approaches towards the analysis of communication.

The methods of communication that had been used during the war had challenged the beliefs many people had on the limits of it that existed prior to these events.

[14] The social science study was fully recognized as a legitimate discipline after World War II.

He also edited a textbook The Process and Effects of Mass Communication (1954) that helped define the field, partly by claiming Paul Lazarsfeld, Harold Lasswell, Carl Hovland, and Kurt Lewin as its founding forefathers.

[23] The patterns of scholarly work in communication studies that were set in motion at these institutes continue to this day.

Other programs and courses often integrated in communication programs include[citation needed] journalism, rhetoric, film criticism, theatre, public relations, political science (e.g., political campaign strategies, public speaking, effects of media on elections), as well as radio, television, computer-mediated communication, film production, and new media.

[32] With the early influence of federal institutional inquiries, notably the 1951 Massey Commission,[33] which "investigated the overall state of culture in Canada",[33] the study of communication in Canada has frequently focused on the development of a cohesive national culture, and on infrastructural empires of social and material circulation.

[35] Influential thinkers from the Canadian communication tradition include Harold Innis, Marshall McLuhan, Florian Sauvageau, Gertrude Robinson, Marc Raboy, Dallas Smythe, James R. Taylor, François Cooren, Gail Guthrie Valaskakis and George Grant.

Communication studies within Canada are a relatively new discipline, however, there are programs and departments to support and teach this topic in about 13 Canadian universities and many colleges as well.

For example, Chakravartty, et al. (2018)[39] find that white scholars comprise the vast majority of publications, citations, and editorial positions.

From a post-colonial point of view, this state is problematic because communication studies engages with a wide range of social justice concerns.

[40] Because of this, the focus of the field is usually placed on the demands of employers, which is more universally understood by the revision of the American Assembly of Collegiate Schools of business standards to emphasize written and oral communication as an important characteristic in the curriculum.

It brought elevated awareness to different avenues including promotional activities and communication between heath professionals and their employees, patients, and constituents.

"Uses include communicating with the community and patients; enhancing organizational visibility; marketing products and services; establishing a venue for acquiring news about activities, promotions, and fund-raising; providing a channel for patient resources and education; and providing customer service and support.