It was formed through the merger of the Communist Party of Nepal (Manmohan) led by Man Mohan Adhikari and the Communist Party of Nepal (Pushpa Lal) led by Sahana Pradhan in 1987.
The CPN (Marxist) was a member of the United Left Front and took part in the 1990 Nepalese revolution (Jana Andholan) against the Rana regime in 1990.
A sizeable section of the old CPN (Marxist) leadership did however broke away from the CPN (UML) and reconstituted their own Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist).
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