It is a proprietary format, but some reader software for general-purpose computers, particularly under Linux (for example, Calibre's internal viewer[2]), have the capability to read it.
The advantage of DjVu is that it is possible to take a high-resolution scan (300–400 DPI), good enough for both on-screen reading and printing, and store it very efficiently.
Provided the images are reasonably clean and the most aggressive compression settings are used, a couple hundred 600-DPI black-and-white text scans can be stored in less than a megabyte.
The EPUB (formerly OEBPS) format is a technical standard for e-books created by the International Digital Publishing Forum (IDPF).
The format can be read by the Kobo eReader, BlackBerry devices, Apple's Apple Books app running on Macintosh computers and iOS devices, Google Play Books app running on Android and iOS devices, Barnes & Noble Nook, Amazon Kindle Fire,[4] Sony Reader, BeBook, Bookeen Cybook Gen3 (with firmware v2 and up), Adobe Digital Editions, Lexcycle Stanza, FBReader, PocketBook eReader, Aldiko, the Mozilla Firefox add-on EPUBReader, Lucifox, Okular and other reading apps.
Versions are available for Android, BlackBerry, iOS, Palm OS (not webOS), Symbian, Windows Mobile Pocket PC/Smartphone, and macOS.
On July 20, 2009, Barnes & Noble made an announcement[6] implying that eReader would be the company's preferred format to deliver e-books.
Exactly three months later, in a press release by Adobe, it was revealed Barnes & Noble would be joining forces with the software company to standardize the EPUB and PDF e-book formats.
[9][10][11] FictionBook[12] is an XML-based e-book format, supported by free readers such as PocketBook eReader, FBReader, Okular, CoolReader, BeBook and STDU Viewer.
HTML adds specially marked meta-elements to otherwise plain text encoded using character sets like ASCII or UTF-8.
Many HTML generator applications exist to ease this process and often require less intricate knowledge of the format details involved.
The EULA further states that "This restriction does not apply to the content of such works when distributed in a form that does not include files in the .ibooks format."
The current version of IEC 62448 is an umbrella standard that contains as appendices two concrete formats, XMDF of Sharp and BBeB of Sony.
It is based on the Mobipocket standard, with a slightly different serial number scheme (it uses an asterisk instead of a dollar sign) and its own DRM formatting.
Because e-books bought on the Kindle are delivered over its wireless system called Whispernet, the user does not see the AZW files during the download process.
[20] The Mobipocket e-book format is based on the Open eBook standard using XHTML and can include JavaScript and frames.
Annotations – highlights, bookmarks, corrections, notes, and drawings – can be applied, organized, and recalled from a single location.
Images are converted to GIF format and have a maximum size of 64K,[21] sufficient for mobile phones with small screens, but rather restrictive for newer gadgets.
The term multimedia e-book is used in contrast to media which only utilize traditional forms of printed or text books.
Multimedia e-books include a combination of text, audio, images, video, or interactive content formats.
With the advent of more widespread tablet-like computers, such as the smartphone, some publishing houses are planning to make multimedia ebooks, such as Penguin.
The format is thus arguably open and various people have written readers for it (writing a Newton book converter has even been assigned as a university-level class project[26]).
They do support internal links, potentially multiple tables of contents and indexes, embedded gray scale images, and even some scripting capability using NewtonScript (for example, it's possible to make a book in which the reader can influence the outcome).
[28] Because the format is designed to reproduce fixed-layout pages, re-flowing text to fit mobile device and e-book reader screens has traditionally been problematic.
Many products support creating and reading PDF files, such as Adobe Acrobat, PDFCreator and LibreOffice, and several programming libraries such as iText and FOP.
When Unicode is not in use, the size in bytes of a text file is simply the number of characters, including spaces, and with a new line counting for 1 or 2.
It is a proprietary raster image compression and binding format, with reading time OCR plug-in modules.
The company scanned a large number of Chinese books from the National Library of China, which became the major stock of their service.
TEI Lite is the most[citation needed] popular of the TEI-based (and thus XML-based or SGML-based) electronic text formats.
The TomeRaider website[32] claims to have over 4000 e-books available, including free versions of the Internet Movie Database and Wikipedia.